Wildland Fire Suppression: Lack of Clear Guidance Raises Concerns
about Cost Sharing between Federal and Non-federal Entities
(30-MAY-06, GAO-06-570)
Wildland fires burn millions of acres each year, requiring substantial
investments of fire fighting assets. Since 2000, federal suppression
costs alone have averaged more than $1 billion annually. Wildland
fires can burn or threaten both federal and nonfederal lands and
resources, including homes in or near wildlands, an area commonly
called the wildland-urban interface. Cooperative agreements between
federal and non-federal firefighting entities provide the framework
for working together and sharing costs. GAO was asked to (1) review
how federal and non-federal entities share the costsof suppressing
wildland fires that burn or threaten both of their lands and resources
and (2) identify any concerns that these entities may have with the
existing cost-sharing framework.
Fighting wildland fires-which can burn across federal, state, and
local jurisdictions-requires significant investments of firefighting
personnel, aircraft, equipment, and supplies, resulting in substantial
and increasing fire suppression expenditures. Since 2000, federal
suppression expenditures alone have averaged more than $1 billion
annually. In addition, non-federal entities, such as state and local
governments, can spend hundreds of millions of dollars during severe
fire years. Fire fighting efforts are mobilized through an interagency
incident management system, which depends on the close cooperation and
coordination of federal, state, tribal, and local fire protection
entities. At the federal level, five principal agencies are involved
in fire fighting efforts-the Forest Service within the Department of
Agriculture and four agencies within the Department of the Interior.1
Federal and non-federal fire fighting entities share their personnel,
equipment, and supplies andwork together to fight fires, regardless of
which entity has jurisdiction over the burning lands; Namesake of
event -
work may contain copyrighted images or other material, permission from
the copyright holder cooperating entities, commonly referred to as
master agreements, govern these cooperative fire protection of
resources of Event Jurisdiction subject matter.
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